HTML is used for creation of web content. HTML defines elements which assigns some semantic meaning to content. For example, (<strong></strong>) gives strong impression on a particular word or phrase.
An HTML document is a text file that has the information that you want to publish with the suitable semantic instructions about the structure of the document. These documents are saved with the file extension .html extension or .htm
A web browser reads an HTML document. It displays the information available in the HTML document according to its markup. However, due to differences of web browsers available today, it should be noted that some web browsers, the HTML document will not display ‘correctly’.
Enter XHTML
XHTML is a reformulation of HTML using XML which attempts to create properly constructed documents. While HTML is much more forgiving, XHTML is much stricter. Here are some things to remember HTML and XHTML.
- XHTML requires lowercase text for tags and attributes. HTML does not.
- Attribute values should be quoted in XHTML.
- Tags should be nested properly.
- All tags should be closed unless if they are empty (br, hr, img and input).
Now that you know a bit of HTML, let’s get our hands dirty on some HTML. It should be noted that throughout the tutorial series that HTML and XHTML will be referred hereon as HTML unless indicated.
What you will Need:
- Personal Computer - I believe you already have this since you are reading this page.
- Text or HTML Editor - You will need a text or HTML editor like UltraEdit, PSPad or the Windows default text editor, Notepad.
- Web Browser - You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer, Opera Suite and my favorite, Mozilla Firefox. However, due to Internet Explorer bugs, it is recommended that web designers and developers develop their websites using A-Grade browsers.
Creating an HTML Page
An HTML document has four major tags that should be found on almost every html page:
- head
- title
- body
- html
Here’s is a simple web page created from using the html, head, title and body tags.
<html>
<head>
<title>page title</title>
</head>
<body>
content
</body>
</html>
Explanation
From the sample, the first tag you have seen is the <html> tag. This important tag tells the browser that that is the start of the HTML document. The </html> tag is the end tag which tells the browser that that is the end of the HTML document.
The next tag is the <head> tag. This is where the header information are. None of the information here can be viewed from the browser window.
The <title> tag is encloses information seen on a browser’s caption. On most browsers, the caption can be seen at the uppermost top of the browser.
The <body> tag holds all content that will be seen in the browser window. In our example, ‘content’ will be seen from the browser window.
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